Bit of a trick question, eh? Attaching the condition "within the constraints of our existing infrastructure" is not a reasonable approach. Why would you exclude infrastructure improvement when it can obviously reduce accidents? Here's some ideas.
Yeah, in fairness it was as really, I wanted ideas excluding infrastructure improvement because we simply can't afford it unless it's all PPP with significantly increased tolls, and it does nothing to address speed and alcohol, the two most significant factors in fatalities here.
This question boils down to is the amount of 'interference' or control we're willing to put up with in order to save lives. Many motorists perceive speed enforcement and alcohol limits as some sort of attack on their freedoms. That attidude often mellows over the years, and pretty much always does when a loved one is killed as a result of someone else ignoring those rules.
1. Motorways are statistically the safest roads and we need more of them, particularly the M20 Cork Limerick route and an outer orbital route for Dublin. This will save lives as the M1, M3 and M7 in particular did.
Absolutely motorways are very safe, but look at where the fatalities are happening. Two thirds of fatal collisions occur on local and regional roads, you can't put motorways everywhere and we can't afford to convert all national routes.
2. A lot of pedestrians who get hit are under the influence of alcohol and stagger or stumble into the path of cars. Not the drivers fault, in most cases. Absence of hi-vis is also a contributory factor. Should be compulsory for pedestrians especially on unlit roads. Divert anti-motorist policing and RSA propaganda towards encouraging sensible safe behaviour by pedestrians.
The RSA report on 2008-1012 fatal collisions states that 9% of these involved a pedestrian who was 'deemed in full or part to have contributed to the collision.' So certainly an issue that demands attention, but not an easy fix. More has been invested in awareness and education since, I haven't seen anything on whether that is having an effect.
With so little enforcement of road traffic legislation, it's hard to make a case for the existence of anti-motorist policing.
3. Zero tolerance for cycling on footpaths. It'll stop cyclists hitting pedestrians. (Not what you asked for but every little helps.)
Agreed, it is illegal after all. Though that would do nothing for deaths. The only cyclist/pedestrian collision resulting in a death that I'm aware of in recent years resulted in the death of the cyclist.
4. Remove VAT from car repairs, tyres and servicing to encourage motorists to keep their cars in good condition.
5. Abolish VRT to encourage sales of new cars. Newer = safer when it comes to cars.
We can't afford it and there's no evidence to suggest it would make any difference, our vehicle fleet is young. Tyres aren't expensive yet the RSA say worn tyres are a factor in ~10% of fatalities.
But it's worth recognising that driver behaviour isn't the only thing that causes accidents. Other road user behaviour, road infrastructure and vehicle condition is also relevant. We've had enough of the punitive approach to motorists - let's look at the other factors too.
Drivers have a responsibility to drive with due care and attention, at a speed that is appropriate to the conditions, and in a manner where they can react safely to risks as they arise. You can't blame a pothole for an accident if you're driving too fast to see it.