There's nothing stopping anyone asking for part time work after maternity leave.Indeed we don't live in a communist utopia but many countries do legislate to allow people to spend time with their family, parental leave, the right to ask for part time work after maternity leave (UK), the right to spend time with a sick relative or to bond with your child (family and medical leave act, USA), in france public sector workers are entitled to part time work. I don't think we will all turn communist by making it feasible for more people to work. (to earn money to spend in our capitalist utopia)
The Public Sector proactively accommodates part time working. Part time employees are protected under legislation since 2001.
Parental leave is a legal entitlement in Ireland.
Family and medical leave have nothing in particular to do with part time working as they effect full time employees as much or more.
Comparing family and medical leave in Ireland to what they have in the USA is a really easy way to lose an argument.
If you want access to quality employment then get yourself quality skills which employers want.