Thanks for that, much appreciated.
There is little than can established in forum like this one way or the other, but what I will say is I agree
there is virtually no way of measuring what specific effect this type of campaign has.
...and while the difference was around 80K votes in three States in favour of Trump, would we be having this conversation if the effect had resulted in 80k votes in favour of Clinton?
I did download one of those ads purporting to be from Russian troll farm and like you said, it doesn't reference any candidate. It does spew homophobic bile against gay people in the military.
But its impossible to measure the effect, if any, on voting intentions. It may embolden some people to vote with the candidate they think is most likely to share such views, or in equal measure, it may embolden some people to vote with the candidate who is most likely to stand against such views.
So Russia interfering in the election is one thing (if you can call this interference), but associating Trump as the beneficiary of this interference is wholly disingenuous in the absence of being able to measure the effect of such interference.
Combined with Muellers awful performances in testimony, and the quite obvious glaring flaws in his report, I remain every bit skeptical about the truth of this whole affair.
The final nail in the coffin for me was when Hilary Clinton tried to smear a serving Democratic congresswoman, a candidate for Presidential nominee, Tulsi Gabbard, a serving member of the military who volunteered to serve as a medic in the US invasion of Iraq, treating injured US soldiers - as a Russian agent.
There appears little room for HC to go any lower. She is toxic to many in Democratic party now, let alone how much Republicans despise her.
If she runs, she will lose to Trump.