The credit union business model in Ireland is deeply flawed and the issues raised by Brendan are fair albeit lacking the nuance an understanding of the membership profile of credit unions.
Except that a gift from a philanthropist would be booked as income and not accounted for on the balance sheet. Indeed, that credit union's reserves would rise significantly in such a scenario assuming it doesn't distribute the windfall back to members. I get what you're saying though.
In any event, I agree that the 10% requirement is too rigid, and is especially high given the risk profile of a typical Irish credit union. The composition of their collective investment portfolios and the relative improvement in loan book quality in recent years renders such a high, static requirement at odds with what is a fairly simple business model. Most of the reserve requirement flows from savings that are ultimately held in cash or put on deposit in Irish banks, with the balance put into very restrictive, low risk products. That being said, whether the requirement is 10% or ~8%, the underlying issue is that the business model doesn't work. With the exception of a few industrial credit unions, pretty much every credit union can only lend out 15 - 30% of their assets, and that isn't some recent phenomenon.
Credit Unions are facing into a period of huge uncertainty. Lending volumes will contract massively in 2021. Loan repayments for existing loans will increase. Consequently loan books will start dropping like a stone next year. Arrears will also increase with a huge draw on the bottom line to fund the required increases in bad debt provisions. Savings will probably continue to rise and yields on deposits and investments are trending negative. Lets not even mention Brexit.
Boards of credit unions can't sit on their hands hoping to be saved by the Central Bank or politicians, they need to act now, and a very simple strategy is to introduce a very low cap on savings to offset the capital risk. They should be doing this regardless of what the reserve requirement is. Hand people back their money if you can't do anything with it! Some of them won't thank you for it but it's very likely that they were never going to borrow from you anyway!