i do not understand if the fed raises interest rates why does it have a effect on the whole world. i know when america does bad, europe does bad .but the whole world. they must have a huge grasp on the world. why is that. /quote]
One reason the Fed’s decisions on monetary policy affect the whole world is simply that about 45% of the world’s total investible assets are denominated in US dollars (i.e. US dollar denominated bonds (19%), US equities (21%) and US real estate (5%)). Changing interest rates changes the relative returns between bonds, equities and real estate thus altering prices, which are set by the market. This also affects prices elsewhere in the world as Americans or anybody else won’t hold equities unless the market rewards them for the extra risk in doing so. So changing interest rates affects the yield on bonds that then affects decision making on equity investment, and interest rate changes affect decision making in real estate investment by changing the price of mortgages.