The first is fake countdown timers, which are designed to create a sense of urgency by falsely presenting an offer as time limited.
The second is a false hierarchy, which is when consumers are nudged to click on the trader’s preferred option by making it much more prominent, whether through visual design, colours or language.
The third is the hiding of information on a product or service by making it less visible by using very small fonts or placing information in a less prominent section of the website or application.