Just to clarify the point of view regarding Health and Safety legislation.
Yes if an incident leads to more than three consecutive days off work (or not able to complete normal duties), the this must be reported to the HSA. So while violence and aggression exists as a risk, first, it isn't that common it leads to the three consecutive days off work, there is also an aspect of under reporting by staff of all incidents and then yes there is under reporting of the actual reports to the HSA.
However, the HSA are not in a position to take action against the members of the public who start the violence. They can only take action against the employer if they do not have suitable risk control measures in place to control the violence. The problem is controlling something as unpredictable as violence is extremely tricky. The UK example is good, but remember the individual has already acted aggressively or violently, it's too late.
The other aspect is that a lot of the the violence takes place at scenes of accidents etc, areas outside the employer's control. Again, while a workplace for the employees, as it isn't under the employer's control, there are limits to what can be done.
The other aspect is what would be the purpose of any action against an employer, i.e. HSE etc? How would this be in the public interest? It is unfair to make an employer a scapegoat for what is a societal problem. It isn't the HSE who have generated a binge culture. It isn't the HSE who have encouraged party drugs. It isn't the HSE who have made emergency services legitimate targets for violence.
Where they can, the HSE and other services have in place training and controls. There are directions to call the gardai, however, in most cases for the emergency services there is an obligation that public safety and preservation of life comes before the safety and health of personnel. This is reflected in the Framework directive for OHS from Europe. The consequence is a valid one in that you don't want the ambulance service worrying about correct lifting technique when trying to get your child out of a car wreck or the gardai worrying about suitable hearing protection when dealing with a riot. However, it also leaves a very grey area when it comes to violence and aggression.
It’s all too easy to blame the HSE, but really it is us or those around us in our community who are the problem. Given the prescriptive and onerous nature of much health and safety legislation, I think it is fair that in these circumstances it is recognised there is only so much the HSE can do in cooperation with its employees.