Re: Ryanair
You can apply for a refund but they charge an admin fee
Government taxes may be refunded. Ryanair apply an administration charge per person for tax refund requests. If the refund amount due to the customer is less than the applicable refund administration charge then no refund will be made. Tax refund requests must be made within one month from the outward flight travel date.
You could be lucky if they change their schedules. If the flight time changes by more than 3 hours you can get a full refund.
If a Ryanair flight is time changed significantly (more than 3 hours before or after the original departure time) and no suitable alternative flight is available, we will, upon application, offer a Travel Credit or a refund for all monies paid in respect of the time changed flight, without further liability.
Do you have travel insurance? Can you get a cert from your doctor and claim on the ins.